Key practical points:
• A case moves through stages: investigation (police), review for prosecution (procuratorate), then trial (court).
• A suspect has the right to appoint a lawyer from an early stage of the investigation.
• There are time limits on detention and arrest, and the family must usually be notified within a set period except in exceptional cases.
• Foreigners have the right to a free interpreter and to have their embassy or consulate notified.
• The defendant has the right to a defence, to present evidence, to question witnesses, and not to be forced to incriminate themselves.
• A judgment can be appealed to a higher court within a fixed time limit.
• Simplified procedures and settlement exist for some minor cases.
Criminal Procedure Law of China · Yalla China
中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法 / Criminal Procedure Law of the PRC
Enacted: 1979-07-01 ✅ Effective: 1980-01-01
📝 Overview
This law sets out how criminal cases proceed in China, from investigation and arrest to trial and judgment, and the rights of suspects and defendants. It is the core procedural safeguard for anyone facing a criminal charge, including foreigners.
This is general information only, not legal advice. For your specific case, consult a licensed lawyer.
📜 The law text / key provisions
💬 Practical reading
💬 This is a general reading/opinion for orientation — not the official legal text nor legal advice.
If you are summoned or detained, immediately ask for a lawyer and an interpreter, and do not sign records you do not understand. You usually have the right to have your embassy notified; ask for this clearly. Keep the numbers of a trusted lawyer and your embassy in advance. This is general orientation, not legal advice.
📎 Official source
National People's Congress / npc.gov.cn
🕒 Updated: 16 March 2026